Student Life Essay Example for Free

Student Life EssayE real morning I wake up and gaze out my dormitory window at a gorgeous campus with modern buildings surrounded by clean fields of clear(p) grass. The plainly thing that might appear odd to any average SU student about this sight is that this beautiful looking campus was non their own. As I explore the surrounding campus near my dorm, Sadler Hall, there ar several observations do which helped to determine the aras of trivial conflict and areas which seem to reflect sociable norms. One study observation make in this activity was the bittie familiarity known as ESF (College of Environmental Science and Forestry). Several subtle and virtually obvious observations were looked at to determine how this area fit in with our community. There are several vital facts cardinal should know about SUNY ESF. The college is located directly behind the newsboy Dome and is a relegate school from Syracuse University. My dorm, Sadler Hall, is one of the few buildings w hich surround ESF near the edge of campus.In order to drive into ESF, or plane Sadler Hall, there is a security shack where you must initial check in with a guard. The ESF campus is strikingly unalike from the SU campus in that the majority of the buildings are very modern and the community as a whole is much smaller. The campus houses no dormitories or eating quarters, so all ESF students share these facilities with SU students. While doing further seek I withal found that most of the other recreational services are shared with SU students.One of the major preconceptions of ESF students is that they are all tie-die wearing, tree hugging, pot-smoking hippies. When kickoff realizing that ESF existed, I found myself picking out in my head the ESF students from the SU students. The student diversity at ESF is in fact immense for having such a small community of students. Matt Renkas, my RA and an ESF student, informed me of what it is like being an ESF student and living on SU ca mpus. ESF and SU both offer a choice for freshman to deplete Learning Communities. These are organized groups living together in the same dorm that share similar majors.Learning Communities for ESF are fairly small and only exist on the eighth ditch of Sadler, and on the third floor of Day. It is an interesting whim that while at the same time that SU is trying to set out from having students rooming with similar character, those ESF and SU students in learning communities are being isolated from the rest of the school. The major question that arose from my observations was that if ESF and SU students are living and eating in the same quarters, why should they have a social advantage over others?I came to the conclusion that SU and ESF students therefore see each other as a separate community and social group. There are several other observations and facts that support this idea of legal separation between SU and ESF students. At the 2004 Freshman Convocation, a clear separatio n allowed first year students to identify who was SU and who was ESF. On the top pear of the stands, one could see a small group of students all wearing tie-die shirts. During the middle of the chancellors speech she do a reference to the ESF students and they all cheered with excitement.At that point I realized what a small population of freshman there are in ESF, and also how illogical they seemed from the SU students. With such a small community of students, it made sense that they had so much pride and excitement to be freshman. Not only is ESF one of the hardest SUNYs in New York to get into, but the ESF students also graduate together in the same ceremony as the SU students. Once again this creates a separation between two social groups that are supposed to be one community. In addition, a way that SU students themselves exclude ESF student is in Greek Life. completely 4% of ESF students belong to a sorority or fraternity. This percentage is extremely low even if the communi ty is not very large. Ultimately, this problem spawns from the fact that these two groups are so far apart in social habits. Although ESF shares several facilities with SU campus, the ESF campus appears to first year students, like myself, as an area designated for ESF students only. These boundaries that exist in our community are designated for the people for whom they were built.This idea goes hand in hand with what Sibley states,What I hope to do is to clarify some of the spatial and social boundary processes which separate some groups and individuals from society and render deviant those who are different. As a freshman in Sadler Hall, I sometimes wonder if there will ever be a time when I need to use the ESF campus?Although it is an understanding that ESF provides a wonderful amount of resource for SU students, at appearance it seems almost like an annex. Its separated by stone walls labeled SUNY ESF, and a glance at the architecture reveals a distinct separation from the stil l diverse SU campus.Students even possess different ID cards that are green that sign them as ESF and not SU. After analyzing the ESF campus, I decided to take a closer look at the social life of ESF students on my floor. I decided that I was going to find out who on my floor was an SU students and who was an ESF student. This means I was going to have to go beyond fieldwork, and start talking to all the people on my floor. It really never occurred to me that anybody on my floor was in ESF, but I had some idea about who may or may not be.After talking to Matt, my Resident Advisor from ESF, I was informed that there were people on my floor in ESF, but I was not told who they were. I know almost all the people on my floor, except for a few, and I decided I was going to find out the ones in ESF. As I closely observed the hallways, I began to notice several promotional signs from the ESF Office of Student Activities. I never really took time to read them or even notice they existed. On e of my floor mates named Kathryn, who I had recently made friends with, was my first risk for someone who was in ESF.She was a stereotypical hippie and she boasted about it all the time. When I asked her what school she was in, I was surprised to find she was a student at SU. All of my stereotypical preconceptions failed my attempt to guess the ESF students and made my realize how much I really dont know about the people around me. I came by from this exercise realizing that there really wasnt a stereotypical ESF students and that people with different lifestyles and backgrounds can be found everywhere, even at SU. The point of this essay is not to try and change the relationship between the SU and ESF campus.Like Luthra states on page two of his essay, all I am trying to do is to recognize and distinguish what the differences are but not change them. By identifying these differences, the purpose is to essentially provide an alternative reading of the ESF and SU campus. From much observational analysis, I think it is ripe to say that the ESF campus, set apart and isolated from that of the SU campus, can be classified as a place of social isolation. Other forms of exclusion are made through programs such as the Learning Communities which maybe need to become larger in order to function accordingly.In conclusion, there were several observations made which helped to determine the areas of trivial conflict and areas that seemed to reflect social norms. These areas of conflict in the end became question for what society or community accepted. If there is any more to learn about the separated and shared areas of the two campus, it is that in order to create a more diverse and equal society, there can be no separate boundaries that restrict access for either party. These prohibitions discussed are maintained in practice by the community and society which continue to clearly separate a person from a certain place.

Crime and Social Issues Essay Example for Free

Crime and Social Issues EssayMany crime problems in my area which are creating difficulties for peoples day by day. I have seen many crimes have been d one(a) in my area. * Snatching * Drugs dealing * Shop lifting * Stabbing * Gang battle * Theft and robbed * The area where I withstand is ok I have been robbed for my money a couple of times nothing too bad. except my whizs live in a really bad estate. Theres always stuff going on there. People are shot and stabbed all the time. * It all starts with people acquire rude with each other. One person is rude to someone else, and then the victim goes and gets their gang for revenge.Sometimes its just two gangs fighting and punching each other. But on this estate, its nearly always killing. Guns and knives are everywhere. * Its always worse when the gang hires someone else to do the killing. They only give a description of the person they neediness taken care of. So the hit man hasnt even seen the guy hes going to shoot before. S ometimes they shoot the wrong person. Then, if the person who was killed by steal was in a gang, their gang goes and gets revenge. So it never ends. * Im most worried nearly knife crime, because you can get knives anywhere from the kitchen, shops and people from round the estates.My friends big brother was stabbed in the chest with a knife, because he was involved in some bad stuff. * In my school its not so bad because they check us for weapons. The only weapons were allowed are compasses. * Im not so afraid of gangs, because they dont have a reason to go subsequently me. But my friends protactinium got involved in drugs. Now hes got some gangs after him because of some trouble that happened. * When I visit my mates on the estate, I feel more protect than afraid, because I know my friends and their brothers are looking out for me.People there recognise me now, so I know even the drug dealers would look after me on their patches. They know Im not causing any trouble. But Id be very very afraid for my life there if no-one was looking out for me. Snatching close 10 houses in front of me was this young lady walking by a car parked along the grass patch outside one of the terrace houses. As she was reaching the rear end of this clean decent looking Silver Proton Waja, I noticed the engine started and the left rear rider doors window was being wound down.Suddenly a man emerged out of the rear passenger doors window his entire torso And making a capture of this ladies handbag As this man emerged from the cars window, the Silver Proton Waja was pulling out of its parking position slowly not in a hurry with the man from at bottom just dragging the lady and her handbag along until she gave it up Then they drove off slowly no hurry Conclusion My report approximately crime problem in my area which I have describe in my report, we should do safety every time and inform to police about any crime or suspicious activities in area or any surrounding area.

Scientific Management Theory Analysis

Scientific Management Theory AnalysisThe emphasis on increase productivity from individual manoeuvreer impels the emergence of F. W. Taylors scientific focus at the beginning of 20th century. His philosophy of rationalizing work and organization to achieve maximum productivity, co functioning and successfulness has influenced the production and management model of his age profoundly. Despite the past 100 years, the shadow of Taylors philosophy in terms of production approach and management employment is be quiet alive at the times of assertation engine room, flexibility of production and the industrial restructuring. As Stern has written, The scientific management of Fredrick Taylor shaped the first persistent school of thought with its twin goal of productivity and efficiency- still influences management thinking 100 years on. This essay get out assess the influence of scientific management on contemporary organization.Before assessing the influence, it is also important to introduce what scientific management is. It is a set of systematic theory of the correlation between get and tasks for the purpose of increasing productivity by redesigning the work make. Based on the famous time-motion-study, Taylor developed four rules to increase efficiencyStudy the direction workers perform their tasks, develop a science for each element of a mans work, which replaces the old rule- of-thumb method.Codify the impertinently methods of performing tasks into written rules and standard operating procedurescautiously select workers who posses skills and abilities that match the needs of the task, and train them to perform the task according to the established rules and proceduresEstablish a fair or acceptable level of executing for a task, and then develop a pay system that provide a reward for mathematical operation above the acceptable levelScientific management is a complete and interrelated system, but this essay will examine Taylors four principle separat ely to simply the analysis.One best way and voice of drudgeGenerally, Taylor believes that there is a one best way of each task to achieve maximum productivity and during his age, He firmly believes the division of labour is the best way to achieve this. Though straightway, due to the diversification of the market and the organization, the simple one best way stinker hardly be defined, such(prenominal) as business adopt mass-production strategy burn down have a completely different optimal method of production than those focus on ceding back marketing, his spirit of pursuing the best way is still vivid presented. Just as the quality circle pioneered by Japanese car manufacturing, modification is cosmos discussed continuously to make the work process to a greater extent streamlined, more efficient and not wasteful in its activity, which is essentially the goal of Taylors system.(Stoney, 2001p27) Especially when information technology has become the means of analyzing the unde rlying flow of material and information, it is more convenient and prevalent for contemporary organization to decide the best redesign of business process to pursuing productivity, quality and warlike posture.Incorporated in his spirit, division of labour is the specific outcome of scientific management, the best way Taylor advocates to minimize skills required, and assembly-line, the creation of his age, be also still utilized successfully in contemporary fast-food industry. Such as MacDonald, the unskilled tasks from broken-down cooking procedure and sophisticated time establish make it a completely late duplication of Taylorism. The assembly lined production mode underpins the repetitive work cycle on the line by setting standard times. By doing this, efficiency improves dramatically as unnecessary tasks ar eliminated, physical layouts improved, and work speeded up. (Fincham Rhodes, 2005 p678) Despite that deskilling () will de-motivate employees signifi croupetly on a gene ral scale, which whitethorn result in absenteeism and high staff turnover, its ability of integrating new workers in production processes and dismissing workers without losing knowledge form the organization can successfully overcome it. Besides, the emphasis on quantity rather than quality (Ritzer, 2004) of the fast food industry also highlights the need of efficiency. Taylors influence goes beyond the leap of manufacturing, the growing army of clerks in the rising service sector atomic number 18 automatically divided into departments and specialized in function. (Fincham Rhodes, 2005 p608) This means the philosophy of division of labour apply to most clerical works to rationalize the working procedure. A merging characteristics of clerical and production labour () becomes one remarkable feature of modern society. However, the anomie and alienation brought by the absolute division of labour limit its further employment. The knock-on effect of de-motivate employees on quality a nd service can have more significant negative impact on contemporary organization than ever when they become the key to profitability at modern times.Despite the limitation of his method, this principle has a considerable profound and lasting influence because of Taylors preoccupation with the efficient use of resources. This philosophy can almost apply to every organization because whichever the work structure is taken, such as the prevalent team work and job enrichment one of its ultimate goals should be improve efficiency. It can be proved by xxs argument that ()quality circles, rather than macrocosm a transformation of labor relations toward democratic participation, are managerial strategy to facilitate workers cooperation with managements goals for efficiency and productivity improvements. normalisation and direct rigTaylor proposes standard rules to capture the best practice and direct find out of workers to maintain efficiency. As Braverman (1974, p. 47) recognised, Tay lorism never was a science, but a control system. Due to separate conception and execution, managers should design, allocate tasks and supervise workers performance without consulting employees opinions.(McGeorge Thoery X) Actually the appliance of Taylors efficiency through rationalization (Stoney, 2001 p.27) builds a mechanistic organizations, with strict rules, regulate defined tasks and top-down communication. Contemporarily, there are still cases where mechanistic organization proves to be optimal. A classic example is call centre where standard book must be followed, number of calls per hour is strictly monitored, as well as managers can listen in calls momentarily. Though it is argued that this complete control will alienate employees as it erodes the sense of freedom and self-determination, only this mechanic structure, where all tasks are designed to be consistent and coordinated, rigid rules are followed and instructions are obeyed immediately, can achieve the speedy ser vice and uniform quality. Besides, despite its formalized and hierarchy nature causes inflexibility, organizations, such as call centre, which exist in a relatively stable environment where not much innovation and adjustment are required, has proved to be more effective because of the systematically rationalize procedures. (Burns Stalker, 1961) Thus, it still exists where efficiency dominates effectiveness. more than commonly, only element of direct control can be seen in most contemporary organization. For instance, in public accounting firms, supervisor accountants supervise lower-rank accountants assigned with them to each audit. Junior accountants should work under the direct guidance of a senior accountant.(Hall, 1968) This is still due to Taylors inherent advantage, direct control can boost efficiency by rationalizing complex accounting procedure and adopting tasks efficiently and accurately. A further reason is that when meticulousness it the first requirement and errors ma y cause serious consequence, it is direct control that can maintain efficiency at the same time safeguard the quality.Efficient as it is, the reasons for not cosmos fully adopted is that the drawbacks of direct control largely limit its influence. As Friedman (1977) points out, it neglects the positive aspects of labour. That means know-how and practical experience cannot be reflected and diffused. And the formalized system develops peaceable organization culture which undermines innovation, commitment and flexibility. This contradicts to the requirement of contemporary organization, especially for manufacturing. At modern times, in manufacturing sphere, the key to profitability lies in innovation.(Ackroyd, 2002) It means how to improve application for existing technology, how to create market advantage by good design and exclusivity become the very crucial issues. This is why most of contemporary organizations only celebrate elements of direct control and tend to be decentralize d to emphases on democratic participation.To a broader extent, Taylors standardization philosophy is more widely used, and the new globalized era makes it an pressing requirement for business. Due to the great advantage of diffuse best practice, standardization becomes the key to facilitate the diffusion of businesss know-how to a new area for achieving a competitive advantage. Meanwhile, it is necessary for coordinating activities on a world wide scale and maintaining strict quality to safeguard firms reputation. However, exposed to a greater level of immaterial complexity, the drawback of rigidity brought by standardization must be overcome, thus standardization is a continuous improvement process nowadays, just as the standard operation in Japanese car manufacturing where work is performed according to standard work sequence to insure quality, meanwhile standard if frequently updated to standardize improvement.(Edwards et al, 1993) To achieve this, standardization tends to be co mbined with a flatter and organic organization structure highlighting integration and decentralization to keep innovative and flexible.Scientific selection and teachThis is perhaps the most relevant principle today because these processes, selection, performance, as well as appraisal and development have been highly formalized in galore(postnominal) organizations today (Cole, 2004). In the knowledge-based economy, talent has become the very valuable asset of business to achieve competitiveness. Much effort is devoted by contemporary organizations on selecting the right person. The contribution of Taylor is that he introduced the importance of selection criteria by management, such as the common competencies (i.e. communication skill, initiative) listed by recruitment department. In line with his emphasis on scientific approach to selection, Taylor advocates scientific training as he argues that it is only when business systematically cooperating to train the competent manthat it s hall be on the road to national efficiency. (Taylor, 1911 p 98)In the context of the knowledge society, companies are generally encouraged to develop employees skills and knowledge (Hansson, 2007) Such as Nissan UK believes the key way for being the most productive car plant in Europe is its ambitious training scheme involving its entire manufacturing work pull.(Lydon, 2007) Costly as it seems, the long-term benefits of quality, safety performance and manufacturing costs overweight it. Moreover, training is usually positively related to promotion (Bayo-Moriones Ortn-Angel 2006) it means it can motivate employees by satisfying their growth, achievement needs. Overstepping Taylors efficiency idea, nowadays the meaning of training is also related to be flexible and acuity enough for competing in a more complex global market, such as the widely-used management trainee schemes in multinationals to cultivate managers with practical experience and global perspective.Money as a motivatorTa ylor advocates piece-rate payment scheme based on his supposition that charitable nature is essentially self-interest, workers would be motivated by obtaining the highest possible wage by working in the most efficient and productive way. (Mullins, 2001 p23) In modern age, despite his method can rarely be seen due to the decadence of manufacturing, Based on his philosophy, money motivation still play a crucial role in other form, such as the incentive-based pay system. One common example is sales bonus. The rush of a sales force to place orders before month end reflects highly targeted performance. Thus there is little doubt that this system will work if designed appropriately. In the new context, when various approaches (i.e. job enrichment, team work) are applied to improve personal commitment, money motivator is not narrowed for efficiency as well. For instance, bonuses assessed on cooperation can represent up to 50% of wage packet in Japanese system and group bonuses are also g iven. (cf. Dohse et al., 1985, pp. 137-8) It means money motivator is now used flexibly according to organizations strategy. Ryness study of pay motivation in contemporary organization also support Taylors assumption, as there is overwhelming enjoin that money is an important motivator for most people. Furthermore, he found that for high academic achievers, high performing employees and individuals with high self-efficiency and high needs for achievement, pay are the most important motivator.(Rynes et al, 2004) It means nowadays pay maybe more crucial than ever as those kinds of person are just the valuable human resources that organizations compete for. However, it is undoubted that Taylors idea of motivation is narrow minded and not suit as an extrinsic motivator, the emphasis on money will decrease staffs ingrained motivator. Despite that, contemporary organizations usually adopt compromising approach as nowadays, the satisfaction of social needs and achievement needs are regar ded as almost equality important motivator. Thus, multiple motivators, money in conjunction with other intrinsic motivator are more prevalent. For instance, performance-based pay and challenging work are used in such successful firms as Microsoft.Conclusion remarkIt should be admitted that there is almost no other management theory can overstep the influence of scientific management. As Braverman says, the principle of scientific management is not a failed system, but a set of guiding principles which continue to inform and influence the role and function of modern management. Some of the methods he advocates, such as division of labour, scientific selection and training, have become the features of modern society. More primarily, as efficiency is one of the enduring needs of all organizations, his preoccupation with the efficient use of resources thus becomes the driving force behind the evolution of subsequent management theories () and the root of management practice. Due to its extensive and deep influence, it is institutionalized not only in contemporary corporation, but also ideologically embraced in other institutions, modelling the modern world with the character of efficiency, calculability, predictability and control through technology. (Ritzer) However, its inherent drawbacks of inflexibility, dehumanization require modification in current situation. Therefore, it can be argued that management of contemporary organization is based on a modification of Taylorism and a combination with more sophisticated management theories.

Cold War and the German Far Right

Cold struggle and the German Far RightThe German perfect responsibility was unable to make headway because of the Cold War precisely reunification has opened legion(predicate) an(prenominal) innovative possibilities for it do you agree?The Cold War was doubtlessly a period during which Ger somes salutary wing was stifled. With an oppressive Communist government in the East and a more stable and moderate material body of government in the west, extremism was largely isolated in the Cold War years. This is not to say however that the extreme mature was completely inactive during this period. reunion though has certainly given a wider platform for properly wing extremists and to near extent opened up new possibilities.Despite the military issueual vote out of the Nazis, at the end of the Second World War in that respect appeared to be good conditions for a neo-fascist revival. The war had left 10 million German refugees who had bemused their property and 2 million civi l servants who had lost their jobs having previously benefited chthonic the Nazi regime.1Certainly those committed to a right wing revival would book hoped to undertake the dissatisfaction of those who had lost twain economic whollyy and heartyly from the war. Had the difficult post-war conditions continued, then this may turn in been the case, but the rebuilding of Europe and wolframern Europes end to build up its defences against the Eastern bloc ensured that Europes post-war recovery was designed to include air jacket Germany as an important ally in the charge up against Communism. On the whole, all European countries, Germany included, came to benefit from post-war prosperity and the post war settlement was acceptable even to defeated Germans. As von Beyme concludesLabels like defeated and victors contrasted after the first world war were of minor importance, so that in all countries neo fascism stood less chance.2Had the Allies looked to humiliate a defeated Germ any the payoff may gain been different, as it where there was little to stir up ultra jingoisticic sentiment with.The post war consensus of politics in West Germany all the way hold oned the spread of fascism that might have been expected. Post-war reconstruction created favourable economic conditions that in turn enabled the state to satisfy both the political and economic interests of the major social groups. The middle classes benefited financially in the post-war years, unemployment benefits were in place for the poor and public health insurance and pension provision were both put into place. The successful frugality effectively silenced many critics of the post-war governments and left extremists without a popular cause with which to fight. As Stoss writesThus the socio-economic preconditions were established for a broad legitimation of state cause and the integration of forces critical of or hostile to the system.3The post-war party political system in West Germany to a fault made right wing growth difficult.. A popular consensus emerged including representational democracy, social market economy, interaction with the West European community and anti-communism. Importantly, the three major political parties CDU, FDP and SPD dominated elections at the expense of littler parties. The five per cent barrier to a place in government prevented extremist parties from establishing a political foothold. Between 1957 and 1983, no small party succeeded in surmounting the five per cent barrier to representation in the Bundestag.4It should be noted however that whilst organised right wing extremism failed to develop into a mass exploit in West Germany, there were certainly elements of the population that maintained anti-democratic attitudes and sympathies with the extreme right. In 1971 a survey found that 50 per cent of those questioned found national Socialism, in principle, a good idea, poorly put into practice, whilst the SINUS Institute found in 1979 that 13 per cent of the West German population had a right wing extremist picture of the world and 37 per cent a potential for authoritarian disposition.5 In effect, a substantial amount of the West German population was susceptible to right wing extremism.Membership figures of right wing extremist parties gives little clear indication as to the influence of the right. Whilst social station reached 76,000 in 1954, it fell to 21,000 in 1964, rose again to 40,000 in 1967 and fell to 23,000 in 1985.6Such relatively low numbers combined with fluctuation in social status suggests little consistent long-term support for the extreme right. Certainly in West Germany, right wing extremism remained alive during the Cold War but economic prosperity, stable government and a state that was determined not to let extremism flourish ensured that the extreme right made little headway.Whilst there was some awareness of the dangers of right wing extremism in West Germany, the picture in the east wa s less clear. In many ways the old GDR seemed an unlikely breeding background for the right wing and indeed the old communist government had often boasted of its successes in defeating fascism.The fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989 and the subsequent reunification of Germany brought about wide political and social change to Germany. To some extent this has given added momentum to right wing extremism, in the East as much as the West.reunification was initially expected to bring about a fall in support for the right as it removed the principal political demand of nationalist groups from the agenda. On both sides of the wall however there were issues opposite than a united Germany for right-wingers to concentrate on. Additionally, the power of the old East German regime to prevent right wing extremism shag be overstated. Prior to the fall of the Wall, extremist activities and violence had formed a part of East German life but had been largely played down by the authorities. The way t hat extremism took a foothold early in the mid-nineties serves as some evidence of this. By 1992 there were 2000 neo-Nazi members in East Germany, twice as many as the West with four times the population.7There are other reasons as to why right wing extremist may have flourished in the East. The activism and novelty of West German right wingers will, at the time of reunification, have been seen as something of an attraction to a generation that had grown up in East Germany and lived through the ideologically directed education system and socialisation processed of the Communist regime. Ease of addition to membership of groups would also have appealed to young East Germans who had previously been excluded from the oldstyle Communist Party apparatus.By 1992 right wing parties were beginning to succeed some electoral success in the new Germany, winning three seats in the Lander parliaments.8One of the primary reasons for this was that right wing extremists were able to adapt to the n ew political and social landscape across Germany and find new goals. Initially a number of groups laid claim to some minor East European territories that had been part of Germany immediately before the outbreak of the war. Quickly though the shift in focus moved towards a traditional hub of right wing idea attacks on the number of foreigners living, working or claiming benefits in the country.Right wing extremist groups from early in the 1990s began to criticise the increasing number of foundation seekers coming into Germany from across Eastern Europe. There was a positive attempt by the right to stir up fears on the effects of immigrants both economically and socially. Right wing groups pointed to the demands for right of settlement made by many guest workers and students who had previously arrived in East Germany from third world states. In 1991, 256,000 foreigners, many from Yugoslavia and Romania, entered Germany to apply for political asylum and a further 222,000 applied to become citizens under the constitutional provisions for ethnic Germans.9Again, right wing extremists pointed to the fact that many asylum seekers visibly lived on state subsidies while waiting for their applications to be processed. Unification quickly became a source of ammunition for the right. As Roberts writesUnification, far from depriving them of the nationalist theme, offered them a new variation of it, a policy success for which these groups could seek to claim the credit and which had created a larger, more powerful, Germany freed at last from the last restrictions obligate by the post-war occupancy policy of the victorious allies.10Another viable point is that Communist rule in East Germany in itself had left the country with some characteristics in tune with the right wing. The anti-democratic nature of the old regime in East Germany could be mirrored in some traits of the right wing extremists. As Roberts again suggestsAuthoritarianism, the claim to possession of an abs olute truth, a clear friend-enemy distinction, fanaticism, and the idea of homogeneity of the people, were characteristics fostered by communist rule in the GDR and suitably transferred are also elements of the claims of extreme right wing parties and groups.11There were other reasons for citizens in the East to look to the extreme right. Corruption amongst politicians was relatively widespread in the early 1990s with party financing scandals, ministers becoming involved in improper financial dealings and increased salaries for politicians. There was a feeling amongst many poorer Germans that orthodox politician were becoming too self serving and that the state subsidies for mainstream party political campaigns were too expensive a 1992 survey found that twice as many East Germans were dissatisfied with the German democratic system than West German voters.12The period 1991-94 saw a notable upturn in violence orchestrated by the extreme right. Guest workers, asylum seekers and ho stels housing these people came under regular attack. The violence culminated in murder on occasions in Dresden in 1991 a young Mozambican immigrant was thrown under a tram, refuges were burnt down in cities such as Leipzig and Rostock and in a particularly chilling event in Hayerswerda, a five night protest by right wing extremists culminated in all foreigners being bussed out of the town.13The reaction of the government of a united Germany would be crucial in determining the post-unification progress of the extreme right. Throughout the 1980s, successive West German governments had been criticised for their lax approach in tackling the right wing. McGowan concludes this was refuted by the administrations concerned but their reactions to the right were often contrasted with their more sever approach towards the left wing terrorists from the 1970s onwards.14In the years immediately by-line reunification, there was a reply by the states to the initial upsurge in right wing extremi sm. The Offices for the Protection of the Constitution have utilised powers to carefully keep an eye on anti-democratic organisations and the law has ensured that civil servants cannot join groups officially declared extremist- this measure in itself will continue to deny the right some mainstream support. Whilst new possibilities may have emerged for the extremists, the German state is working hard to ensure that it does not make great headway.Other forces in German society have continued to line up against the extremists. There is very little media coverage of right-wing extremist groups for manakin. Since the early 1990s the right-wing Republikaner Party has been the subject of an outright boycott by the federal press and by many public radio and TV channels.15What is also clear is that the new right in Germany cannot be built rough the forces that support the Nazis in the 1930s. Kischelt writes, in particular, white-collar employees, professionals and members of the adminis trative, political and cultural elite who then backed the Nazi Party are no long-run available for right wing appeals.16The core support for the extreme right in Germany today is primarily lower class males who feel that they have lost out economically and socially since unification. This narrow support base continues to be a hindrance to the rights attempts to expand.Moving into the mid to late 1990s, the gradual expansion of the extreme right has continued and whilst post-war Germany has vowed never again to allow ultra-nationalism or racism to play any part in its politics, this principle has gradually come under threat. The most prominent right party, the Republicans, have openly asserted that unrelenting mass immigration has brought criminal foreigners into Germany and campaigns hard on an anti-immigration agenda.The German state in the meantime attempts to use constitutional tools to counteract the growth of the right the Republicans and another group, the German Peoples Un ion or DVU for example, are both under surveillance by Germanys counter-intelligence agency, suspected of anti-democratic or unconstitutional behaviour. There is a similar tendency to be suspicious of the right that continues to run through much of German society, both before and after reunification. Bockes and Mudde summarise as suchAs a consequence of the continuing and extensive dealing with the Nazi chivalric, political mobilisation at the extreme right meets with public scrutiny and generally leads to strong counter reactions within society.17 The crux of right wing campaigning remains largely the same. It maintains the perfect(a) demand that jobs should be taken away from foreigners and given to Germans. To some extent this has begun to deliver some electoral success. In Saxony-Anhalt in 1998, nearly one-third of all voters under the age of 30 supported the right wing DVU whilst in the country as whole, opinion polls showed some that 10% of voters sympathise with far-right g roups. Alongside these changes in the political scene, more than 100 neo-Nazi or skinhead groups have grown up which glorify violence and praise the ideas of Hitler. Assaults on immigrants and asylum seekers have continued to rise and a thriving skinhead culture has emerged in parts of Germany, particularly in the east. Official figures show that assaults by such groups on foreigners, including Asiatic or African refugees and Turkish, Italian, and other immigrants, are on the rise. In 1998 for example more than 400 injuries resulted from such assaults (www.bbc.co.uk). The German governments hard-line response has been to ban dozens of extreme right-wing groups. There is a danger that the philosophy of the extreme right can spill over into mainstream politics. Conservative politicians for example have loudly complained about foreign criminality and Germanys immigration burden, ignoring warnings that such talk would encourage racist attitudes. Such politicians vehemently deny that, b ut they have clearly staked their claim to the right-wing ground of German politics, in an attempt to ensure that no other group takes an advantage there.There are seemingly wider historical issues to consider when analysing the role of the extreme right in Germany. Clearly the horrors of the Nazi era do work as an antidote against right-wing extremism and there has been an ongoing vigilance against the spread of the right booth before and after unification. Politicians towards the right within the mainstream party political system may skirt around extremist ideas but generally the mainstream political landscape has remained clear of out and out extremism. The determination of the vast majority of Germans to consign the nazi era to the past can act as a restraint on most with serious political aspirations.The Cold War did certainly act as a barrier to the extreme right in post-war Germany, both east and West. In East Germany, a hard-line Communist government was successful in suppr essing the right wing until the final years of its rule. In West Germany, the post-war political consensus was crucial in playing down possibilities for the right, as was the new constitution that made the electoral route to influence equally difficult. Germany it should be noted was geographically at the centre of the Cold War the Western allies were keen to ensure constancy in West German politics and likewise Eastern bloc leaders were quick to clamp down of right wing extremism. The Cold War threw together a combination of factors that made expansion of right wing extremism all but impossible across the whole of Germany.Reunification then on with the end of the Cold War, did indeed open up new possibilities for the extremists on the right. In the East they enjoyed new found political freedom and a ontogenesis support base, whilst in the West, economic difficulties following reunification and the upturn in numbers of foreigners on the country helped to fuel support for the rig ht.Whether the German extreme right can make the most of the possibilities that reunification has brought about remains to be seen. Although it has enjoyed the occasional electoral success it cannot yet compare with the successes of right wing parties in other parts of Europe. McGowan succinctly states, Neo-Nazism remains a part of German life just as national Socialism remains a part of German history.18This in essence presents the most difficult issue for the extreme right-wing in Germany whilst it may enjoy an element of support, the lessons of history have hopefully taught the German nation that right-wing extremism is a route it cannot allow itself to take again.ReferencesBeckes Uwe Mudde Cas, Germany Extremism without successful parties, parliamentary Affairs, vol 53 (3) July 2000)Kitschelt Herbert, The Radical Right in Western Europe A comparative Analysis, University of Michigan Press, USA 1998McGowan Lee, The Radical Right in Germany 1870 to present, Pearson Education L td, Harlow 1998Roberts Geoffrey, Right wing Radicalism in New Germany. Parliamentary Affairs, vol 45, 1992Stoss Richard, The Problem of Right-wing Extremism in West Germany, West European Politics, vol 11, 1988Von Beyme Klaus, Right-wing Extremism in post-war Europe, West European Politics, vol 11, 1988www.bbc.co.ukhttp//news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/special_report/1998/09/98/german_elections/172134.stm1Footnotes1 Von Beyme, K, Right wing Extremism in post-war Europe, West European Politics, vol 11 19882 p10 Von Beyme 19883 p34 Stoss R, The problem of right wing extremism in West Germany4 p35 Stoss5 p38 Stoss6 p40 Stoss7 Mcgowan L, P189 The Radical Right in Germany 1870 to present, Pearson Education Ltd, Harlow 19988 Roberts G, Right-wing Radicalism in New Germany, Parliamentary Affairs vol 45 19929 p332 Roberts 199210 ibid11 p339 Roberts 199212 p340 Roberts 199213 McGowan L p19014 McGowan L P19115 Bockes U Mudde C, p466Germany Extremism without successful parties, Parliamentary Affairs, vo l 53, July 200016 Kitschelt , p239 The Radical Right in Western Europe Acomparative Analysis, University of Michigan Press, USA 199817 p466 Bockes and Mudde 200018 McGowan L, P201

The Grant Corporation Information Technology Essay

The Grant heap Information Technology EssayThis report studies how to implement human resources learning system, problems faced by Director of HR at grant incorporation in order to implement new HRIS and the corrective measures that should have been done to facilitate the deepen be studied in this suit report. The critical success factors and weaknesses in various stages of implementing an HRIS are explored in the paper. The problems are rooted mainly in two factors. One is that HR department lacks companionship about HRIS and secondly poor dialogue in the change process. According to (Hammer, 2000) some governings are not successful in implementing human resource information systems. The system fails because the various software programs are not integrated and information is often missing. Some possible ways to prevent or solve these problems are 1) consider add-ons, 2) get portal power, 3) integrate the system, 4) hire or host, 5)use what you have, 6) restructure the team, and 7) dont go it alone. The recommendations based on research are provided in this report.The Grant CorporationThe following case analysis report includes scenario of change management process at The Grant Corporation. The HRD at Grant Corporation needed to expand to stay fresh up with the growth of organization. Newly hired Director of HR, Julia Woodland suggested implementation of a HRIS system to deal with existing HR issues. But it was not success replete(p)y utilize. According to (Mackenzie, 2010), increasingly, the failure to successfully implement information systems have less to do with the hardware or software aspects of the new system and more to do with the skills of the change leader and the people and organizational issues related to the change. The cause of problem that arises at grant incorporation involves lack of leadership, communication, planning, change management, and training.Woodlands EvaluationJulia Woodland execute a successful need analysis and conclude d that HRD requires advance technology to perform efficiently and effectively. She proposed the purchase of an integrated payroll/HRIS that will integrate the finance departments system, benefits and 401(k) providers systems, which got approved. Woodland was so overwhelmed with the discombobulate she overlooked the fact that the success requires participation and commitment from completely areas of the firm.Human Resource Information Systems Basics, Applications, and Future Directions (Michael J. Kavanagh Mohan Thite, 2008) states The Eight-Stage Change process(Kotter,1996), the stairs are to Create a sense of urgency, recruit powerful change leaders, build a vision and effectively communicate it, remove obstacles, create quickly wins, and develop your momentum. If Julia had followed this process, it could have helped her to make the change part of the Grant Corporation.Required Individuals for Change ProcessIn my opinion, top management support is required from beginning, all t hrough the execution evaluation of project along with the people who are going to be affected. In this case IT department, HR department, Payroll would have been include from the initial stage of process. As, employee communication is especially critical when were trying to get others to see and do things differently (Duck, 2001, p.27)Staffing Errors and Their ImpactThere are three primary election activities in an HRIS implementation configuring the HRIS for the firms business processes and policies, interfacing data with other systems and converting historical data into the HRIS, and preparing the organization for the new HRIS. Woodland failed to involve, consult key people from organization in change process, she had unrealistic expectations, that her staff would welcome the new system, there was lack of communication which created distrust among HRD, and which impacted adversely on management commitment resulting in failure of implementation of HRIS. (Lorenzi, 2000) noted tha t for successful implementation of IT system, effective leadership, planning, change management techniques, communication, and training should be comprehend. Woodland should have considered these factors to achieve her goal.Importance of heathenish IssuesOrganizational culture is defined as a complex set of shared beliefs, guiding values, behavioral norms, and basic assumptions acquired over time that shape our cerebration and behavior they are part of the social fabric of the organization-its genetic code. As such, culture drives the organization and guides the behavior of everyone in that organization-how they think, feel, and act. In other words, the culture forms a behavior template. (Michael J. Kavanagh Mohan Thite, 2008, p. 192).Woodland would have understood the organizational cultural prior implementing the change. By developing a better understanding of the organizational culture, she could have implemented the strategies regarding change which employees might have embra ced.Communication PlanIf I had been in Woodlands position I would have developed a communication plan that would have defined clear and concise roles for employees involved in the change process. Communication is one of the important tools in implementing effective change strategies for success. As (Michael J. Kavanagh Mohan Thite, 2008) defined in the Case for ChangeReason for change, Vision for future, Plan for getting there, Believe change is achievable and clear expectations must(prenominal) be include in communication plan. Having a company meeting to stage the beginning of these new ideas will provide the employees with the information they need to embrace any threatening changes that the company is making and to their role in the new vision for the future.TrainingIn this case training would help employees at to cope with organizational change by enabling them understand why it happens, why it is needed and what it means to them and to organization. With proper training emp loyees would feel confident in using HRIS, and training would dress their concerns, thus encouraging them to be a part of change.User AcceptanceThe Grant Corporation must involve end users in planning of HRIS project from beginning. According to (Michael J. Kavanagh Mohan Thite, 2008) when users are included in planning, acceptance testing, and switching over to a new HRIS, their commitment, trust increases for the project. Woodland must keep ongoing communication with employees, along with feedback to make HRIS user friendly. Woodland must inform employees regarding decisions made and by asking them to provide input on those decisions to make system reliable by them.Process ReengineeringThe process reengineering is beneficial as this would allow the company to obtain its full return on investment (ROI). With reengineering they can gain full potential of new system, instead of just automating existing processes. The firm will alter their conservative processes to align themselves with the new technology. (Michael J. Kavanagh Mohan Thite, 2008).Implementation Maintenance and SupportHR and IT departments will have to establish a help desk to assist employees with their concerns. They will also need to ensure system is being used correctly. New policies and procedures must be established for the use of electronic data addressing security and privacy concerns. Effectiveness and efficiency of system should be monitored. Ongoing communication and training is vital for proper maintenance and support of the system.CONCLUSIONThe Grant Corporation case analyzes importance of good technical and organizational skills for successful implementation of an HRIS system. The success of a HRIS system exists in understanding organization culture, ongoing communication along with effective implementation process. Change management is a process by which an organization moves from its current state to some future desired state as defined by its vision. (Michael J. Kavanagh Moh an Thite, 2008, p. 201).REFRENCESDuck, J. The change monster. New york Crown Business.Hammer, M. 2002. Recharging your HRMS Workforce. 81(9) 38-41. (2002).Retrieved from http//gspa.nida.ac.th/load.phpLorenzi, N. . (2000). managing changeAn overview. Journal of the American medical informatics association, 116-124.Mackenzie, A. (2010). Chapter 8 Course Notes.htm.Michael J. Kavanagh, M. T. (2008). Human Resource Information Systems Basics, Applications, and FutureDirections. SAGE, 2008.

Personal Behavior Modification Essay -- Psychology

Water makes up 75% of human body. It is the most in-chief(postnominal) ingredient in our bodies. To sidereal day many state ignore deglutition water and concentrate more than into the carbonated drinks. One of the main occasions I would commemorate people drink more carbonated drinks (such as sodas and sport drinks) is because of the way a company hype up their products and use their marketing strategies to influence people into buying them. Many benefits come out of drinking water. First, it quenches ones thirst much better than any carbonated drinks. Second, it elapses ones hide clear and healthy looking. In addition, it protects the human body from several diseases. Many people choose drinking sodas and sports drinks than water because water does not have much of a taste and carbonated drinks are flavored and tasteful. I guess I am one of those people who has being caught on to the hype of the soda companies. I do not really drink much water I would say I barely drink two cups a day, however I have intercourse the how good water is for my body. So I am modifying my behavior by adding more water to my diet.Target Goal-I have being drinking a lot of sodas and sport drinks, and maybe barely two cups a day of water. I guess I am one of those people who fretfulness more about the taste then its contents but I have to change to have a longer lasting health. I know the advantages and benefits of water so I am going to reduce drinking carbonated drinks and concentrate more on drinking water. One of the benefits I put one across that comes out of drinking water is I will be saving a lot of money on sodas and sport drinks. But the main reason to drink water would be to achieve good and better health.Design-I drink around one cup of water everyday. Therefore, I will induct my baseline recording from drinking a cup a day. I am going to start my first week off with drinking 2-3 cups a day for 5 days a week. My overall goal is to drink 10 cups of water per d ay for 5 days a week by end of this assignment. I decided to use the changing-criterion design for the modification to drink more water. In this design, I am going to increase my criterion by adding 2 drinks to the previous week for 5 days week every week. The first week I will start out with drinking 2 cups per day for 5 days a week. And then finally the 5th week end up at 10 cups for 5 days a week. My detailed criteria of the treatment phase are going to... ...th 10 cups for 5 days a week.The fifth week rolls around with 10 cups a day for 5 days week. I wasnt really sure about this week but I also wasnt about to give it up. I planned out the next 5 days so I finish my criteria of 10 cups a day. I would carry the bottle around with me and keep track of how many cups I was going through. I started doing that Sunday and I did it till Thursday. I do it by drinking 10 cups a day for 5 days a week. I am not sure if I will be able to keep pace with the way I did for the previous weeks. But I am sure that I will be drinking a lot of water then before.Conclusion-I made my goal of drinking 10 cups a day for 5 days a week. It felt good to have set my mind on something and truly accomplish it. I felt challenged and disciplined, which were sometimes difficult but good to have. I hope to keep up with this program and drink some more water. I dont know if I will have as much water consumption as I did during the project but I sure will be drinking more water than I used to before this program. I had 156 cups of water within these 5 weeks of program. I am glad I did this project and have a great feeling of accomplishment.

Internet Pro Or Con :: essays research papers

Worldwide Disaster Right at Your FingertipsInternet junkies and world leaders alike are dealing with a phenomenon they do not richly show the meshing, a vast, ungovernable, intimate, alter-reality, through which, almost anything is possible. Although umpteen acclaim the internet as a harbinger to a new age and extol its virtues as an learning source, the internet brings challenges few are ready to face. The versatility of the internet brings these troubles into many realms of our everyday life. This paper will discuss how the internet hurts commerce, international relations, and interpersonal relationships. The mercenary industries bewilder latched onto the internet as if it were free money. Many, though have been caught unaware. Commerce suffers greatly from information leaks and infringement. One of the largest losses come from the loss of trade secrets. Joseph Kizza, an sharp tec in the field of internet influence, states the problem succinctly Two types of information c an leak on the internet (1) information on devices, designs, processes, software product designs, and many early(a) industrial processes, and (2) information on soul employees life possessions-- employee- accumulated knowledge and experience...When an employee is hired by a company he/she normally signs a demand with a new employer against disclosure of information acquired in the course of employment. But by the nature of the internet an employee can live by this contract and yet disclose as much information, most times unknowingly, into the internet community. (147)Such information leaks can do great damage to individual companies in a competitive environment. Years of research and millions of dollars can be leaked out unwittingly. Infringement uses these trade secrets for gain. An infringer is anyone who uses proprietary information to profit undeservedly. But, unlike other lawbreakers no public law enforcement can be used to investigate an infringer (Kizza 78). The owner of p atents or copyrights must pay any expenses incurred for investigating and prosecuting. Considering the inability to absorb internet access in such a case few infringements are ever caught. This can be devastating to commerce (Kizza 78). Concerning international relations the internet has already through with(p) much damage. The British Broadcasting Company, ran a program in 1995 explaining how before any real bombing began in the disconnect War, the US government used internet warfare to drop the I- Bomb on Saddam Husseins information systems (Bourdieu 57). The program intimated that the damage done in such warfare is more devastating than the physical damage done by the bombing.Internet Pro Or Con essays research text file Worldwide Disaster Right at Your FingertipsInternet junkies and world leaders alike are dealing with a phenomenon they do not fully understand the internet, a vast, ungovernable, intimate, alter-reality, through which, almost anything is possible. Although many acclaim the internet as a harbinger to a new age and extol its virtues as an information source, the internet brings challenges few are ready to face. The versatility of the internet brings these troubles into many realms of our everyday life. This paper will discuss how the internet hurts commerce, international relations, and interpersonal relationships. The commercial industries have latched onto the internet as if it were free money. Many, though have been caught unaware. Commerce suffers greatly from information leaks and infringement. One of the largest losses come from the loss of trade secrets. Joseph Kizza, an expert researcher in the field of internet influence, states the problem succinctly Two types of information can leak on the internet (1) information on devices, designs, processes, software designs, and many other industrial processes, and (2) information on individual employees life possessions-- employee- accumulated knowledge and experience...When an employe e is hired by a company he/she usually signs a contract with a new employer against disclosure of information acquired in the course of employment. But by the nature of the internet an employee can live by this contract and yet disclose as much information, most times unknowingly, into the internet community. (147)Such information leaks can do great damage to individual companies in a competitive environment. Years of research and millions of dollars can be leaked out unwittingly. Infringement uses these trade secrets for gain. An infringer is anyone who uses proprietary information to profit undeservedly. But, unlike other lawbreakers no public law enforcement can be used to investigate an infringer (Kizza 78). The owner of patents or copyrights must pay any expenses incurred for investigating and prosecuting. Considering the inability to trace internet access in such a case few infringements are ever caught. This can be devastating to commerce (Kizza 78). Concerning international relations the internet has already done much damage. The British Broadcasting Company, ran a program in 1995 explaining how before any real bombing began in the Gulf War, the US government used internet warfare to drop the I- Bomb on Saddam Husseins information systems (Bourdieu 57). The program intimated that the damage done in such warfare is more devastating than the physical damage done by the bombing.